FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as NL1A1_RAT, Nlrp1a, Nlrp1. Acts as the sensor component of the Nlrp1a inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to various pathogen-associated signals, leading to subsequent pyroptosis (By similarity). Inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation (By similarity). Acts as a recognition receptor (PRR): recognizes specific pathogens and other damage-associated signals, such as B.anthracis lethal toxin (LT) or Val-boroPro inhibitor, and mediates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex (PubMed:20502689, PubMed:31383852). In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of Nlrp1a is degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1a, C-terminus), which polymerizes to initiate the formation of the inflammasome complex: the inflammasome directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) independently of PYCARD/ASC and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), leading to pyroptosis (By similarity)., Constitutes the precusor of the Nlrp1a inflammasome, which mediates autoproteolytic processing within the FIIND domain to generate the N-terminal and C-terminal parts, which are associated non-covalently in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals., Regulatory part that prevents formation of the Nlrp1a inflammasome: in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the C-terminal part of Nlrp1a (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1a, C-terminus), preventing activation of the Nlrp1a inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, this part is ubiquitinated by the N-end rule pathway and degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein, which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1a inflammasome., Constitutes the active part of the Nlrp1a inflammasome. In absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the N-terminal part of Nlrp1a (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1a, N-terminus), preventing activation of the Nlrp1a inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of Nlrp1a is degraded by the proteasome, releasing this form, which polymerizes to form the Nlrp1a inflammasome complex: the Nlrp1a inflammasome complex then directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, leading to gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage and subsequent pyroptosis. Interacts (via LRR repeats) with BCL2 and BCL2L1 (via the loop between motifs BH4 and BH3). Interacts with NOD2; this interaction is enhanced in the presence of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and increases IL1B release. Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction requires EIF2AK2 activity, is accompanied by EIF2AK2 autophosphorylation and promotes inflammasome assembly in response to danger-associated signals. Interacts with MEFV; this interaction targets Nlrp1a to degradation by autophagy, hence preventing excessive IL1B- and IL18-mediated inflammation. Interacts with DPP8; leading to inhibit activation of the inflammasome via an unknown mechanism. Interacts with DPP9; leading to inhibit activation of the inflammasome via an unknown mechanism.

Also known as NL1A1_RAT, Nlrp1a, Nlrp1. Acts as the sensor component of the Nlrp1a inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to various pathogen-associated signals, leading ...

EXTERNAL LINKS

Nlrp1a

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1a allele 1

Mutations

Mutation(s) distribution

Mutations table

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