FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as TFR1_HUMAN, TFRC. Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes (PubMed:26214738). Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the heditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with transferrin for an overlapping C-terminal binding site. Positively regulates T and B cell proliferation through iron uptake (PubMed:26642240). Acts as a lipid sensor that regulates mitochondrial fusion by regulating activation of the JNK pathway (PubMed:26214738). When dietary levels of stearate (C18:0) are low, promotes activation of the JNK pathway, resulting in HUWE1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the mitofusin MFN2 and inhibition of mitochondrial fusion (PubMed:26214738). When dietary levels of stearate (C18:0) are high, TFRC stearoylation inhibits activation of the JNK pathway and thus degradation of the mitofusin MFN2 (PubMed:26214738)., (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for new-world arenaviruses: Guanarito, Junin and Machupo virus. Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Binds one transferrin or HFE molecule per subunit. Binds the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR1. Interacts with SH3BP3. Interacts with STEAP3; facilitates TFRC endocytosis in erythroid precursor cells (PubMed:26642240).

EXTERNAL LINKS

TFRC

Transferrin receptor protein 1

TFRC

Molecular Synopsis