FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as EIS_MYCTU, eis. Effector that is released into the host cell and affects host immune responses; it negatively modulates inflammation, macrophage autophagy, and cell death through redox-dependent signaling (PubMed:17259625, PubMed:21187903). Acts as an acetyltransferase. Acetylates 'Lys-55' of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 16 (DUSP16)/mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-7 (MKP-7), a JNK-specific phosphatase; this leads to the inhibition of JNK-dependent autophagy, phagosome maturation, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation for enhanced intracellular survival of M.tuberculosis (PubMed:22547814). Inhibits Con A-mediated T-cell proliferation in vitro (PubMed:17449476). Treatment of T-cells with Eis inhibits ERK1/2, JAK pathway, and subsequent production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-4 (IL-4); on the contrary, there is increased production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), which indicates that immunity in response to Eis treatment is skewed away from a protective T(H)1 response and Eis disturbs the cross regulation of T-cells (PubMed:17449476). When expressed in M.smegmatis, enhances intracellular survival of the bacteria in host macrophages during infection (PubMed:10629183)., Can also acetylate multiple amine groups of many aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics, leading to their inactivation, and thus contributes to drug resistance (PubMed:19906990, PubMed:21628583, PubMed:24106131). Is also able to acetylate and deactivate the cyclic peptide antibiotic capreomycin, but not the other anti-tuberculous drugs isoniazid and pyrazinamide (PubMed:23233486). Acetylates kanamycin (KAN) more efficiently than amikacin (AMK), even though Eis seems to bind AMK with higher affinity (PubMed:19906990). Does not acetylate and inactivate streptomycin, apramycin and spectinomycin (PubMed:19906990, PubMed:21628583). Homohexamer; trimer of dimers.

EXTERNAL LINKS

eis

N-acetyltransferase Eis

eis

Molecular Synopsis