FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as SPAST_HUMAN, SPAST, ADPSP, FSP2, KIAA1083, SPG4. ATP-dependent microtubule severing protein that specifically recognizes and cuts microtubules that are polyglutamylated (PubMed:11809724, PubMed:15716377, PubMed:16219033, PubMed:17389232, PubMed:20530212, PubMed:22637577, PubMed:26875866). Preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (PubMed:26875866). Severing activity is not dependent on tubulin acetylation or detyrosination (PubMed:26875866). Microtubule severing promotes reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the centrosome following nucleation. It is critical for the biogenesis and maintenance of complex microtubule arrays in axons, spindles and cilia. SPAST is involved in abscission step of cytokinesis and nuclear envelope reassembly during anaphase in cooperation with the ESCRT-III complex (PubMed:19000169, PubMed:21310966, PubMed:26040712). Recruited at the midbody, probably by IST1, and participates in membrane fission during abscission together with the ESCRT-III complex (PubMed:21310966). Recruited to the nuclear membrane by IST1 and mediates microtubule severing, promoting nuclear envelope sealing and mitotic spindle disassembly during late anaphase (PubMed:26040712). Required for membrane traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi and endosome recycling (PubMed:23897888). Recruited by IST1 to endosomes and regulates early endosomal tubulation and recycling by mediating microtubule severing (PubMed:23897888). Probably plays a role in axon growth and the formation of axonal branches (PubMed:15716377)., Involved in lipid metabolism by regulating the size and distribution of lipid droplets. Homohexamer (PubMed:17389232, PubMed:22637577). Mostly monomeric, but assembles into hexameric structure for short periods of time. Oligomerization seems to be a prerequisite for catalytic activity (PubMed:17389232, PubMed:22637577). Binding to ATP in a cleft between two adjacent subunits stabilizes the homohexameric form (PubMed:17389232, PubMed:22637577). Binds to microtubules at least in part via the alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin tails (PubMed:15269182, PubMed:15716377, PubMed:23272056). The hexamer adopts a ring conformation through which microtubules pass prior to being severed (PubMed:17389232, PubMed:22637577). Does not interact strongly with tubulin heterodimers (PubMed:15269182, PubMed:15716377, PubMed:23272056). Interacts (via MIT domain) with CHMP1B; the interaction is direct (PubMed:15537668, PubMed:18997780). Interacts with SSNA1 (PubMed:15269182). Interacts with ATL1 (PubMed:16339213, PubMed:16815977). Interacts with RTN1 (PubMed:16602018). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (PubMed:16826525, PubMed:23969831). Isoform 1 but not isoform 3 interacts with RTN2 (PubMed:22232211). Interacts with REEP1 (PubMed:20200447). Interacts (via MIT domain) with IST1 (PubMed:23897888, PubMed:26040712).

Also known as SPAST_HUMAN, SPAST, ADPSP, FSP2, KIAA1083, SPG4. ATP-dependent microtubule severing protein that specifically recognizes and cuts microtubules that are polyglutamylated (PubMed:1180 ...

EXTERNAL LINKS

SPAST

Mutations

Mutation(s) distribution

Mutations table