FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as TXL_EISFE, TXL. Pore-forming toxin that defensively acts against parasitic microorganisms by forming pores in sphingomyelin-containing membranes. Has hemolytic activity and is also cytotoxic to spermatozoa of some species of invertebrates and many species of vertebrates and to amphibian larvae, guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes, chicken fibroblasts, normal spleen cells and various tumor cells. Is lethal for various species of reptiles, amphibian, birds and mammals. Induces smooth muscle contraction. It binds sphingomyelin and induces hemolysis in the same manner as lysenin-related protein 2, and is 10-fold more effective than lysenin-related protein 1. Binds to sphingomyelin as a monomer by using its C-terminal domain (PubMed:22819216). Forms a nonamer when sphingomyelin/lysenin ratio is lower than ca 500 (PubMed:27048994, PubMed:27176125). Oligomerization, but not binding, is influenced by the fluidity of sphingomyelin.

EXTERNAL LINKS

TXL

Lysenin

TXL

Molecular Synopsis