FEATURES

DESCRIPTION

Also known as BRD4_HUMAN, BRD4, HUNK1. Chromatin reader protein that recognizes and binds acetylated histones and plays a key role in transmission of epigenetic memory across cell divisions and transcription regulation. Remains associated with acetylated chromatin throughout the entire cell cycle and provides epigenetic memory for postmitotic G1 gene transcription by preserving acetylated chromatin status and maintaining high-order chromatin structure (PubMed:23589332, PubMed:23317504, PubMed:22334664). During interphase, plays a key role in regulating the transcription of signal-inducible genes by associating with the P-TEFb complex and recruiting it to promoters. Also recruits P-TEFb complex to distal enhancers, so called anti-pause enhancers in collaboration with JMJD6. BRD4 and JMJD6 are required to form the transcriptionally active P-TEFb complex by displacing negative regulators such as HEXIM1 and 7SKsnRNA complex from P-TEFb, thereby transforming it into an active form that can then phosphorylate the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (PubMed:23589332, PubMed:19596240, PubMed:16109377, PubMed:16109376, PubMed:24360279). Promotes phosphorylation of 'Ser-2' of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (PubMed:23086925). According to a report, directly acts as an atypical protein kinase and mediates phosphorylation of 'Ser-2' of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II; these data however need additional evidences in vivo (PubMed:22509028). In addition to acetylated histones, also recognizes and binds acetylated RELA, leading to further recruitment of the P-TEFb complex and subsequent activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:19103749). Also acts as a regulator of p53/TP53-mediated transcription: following phosphorylation by CK2, recruited to p53/TP53 specific target promoters (PubMed:23317504)., Acts as a chromatin insulator in the DNA damage response pathway. Inhibits DNA damage response signaling by recruiting the condensin-2 complex to acetylated histones, leading to chromatin structure remodeling, insulating the region from DNA damage response by limiting spreading of histone H2AX/H2A.x phosphorylation. Binds acetylated histone H4 (PubMed:29176719). Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction is direct (PubMed:23317504). Interacts (via CTD region) with CDK9 and CCNT1, acting as an associated component of P-TEFb complex (PubMed:16109376, PubMed:16109377, PubMed:23317504, PubMed:24360279). Interacts with RELA (when acetylated at 'Lys-310')(PubMed:19103749). Interacts (via NET domain) with NSD3, CHD4, BICRA and ATAD5 (PubMed:21555454, PubMed:29176719). The interaction with BICRA bridges BRD4 to the GBAF complex (PubMed:29374058, PubMed:16109376, PubMed:16109377, PubMed:19103749, PubMed:21555454, PubMed:23317504). Interacts (via NET domain) with JMJD6 (via JmjC and N-terminal domains); the interaction is stronger in presence of ssRNA and recruits JMJD6 on distal enhancers (PubMed:24360279, PubMed:21555454, PubMed:29176719). Interacts with NSD3 (PubMed:29176719). Isoform B: interacts with NCAPD3 and SMC2 (PubMed:23728299).

EXTERNAL LINKS

BRD4

Bromodomain-containing protein 4

BRD4

Molecular Synopsis