FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as SYUA_HUMAN, SNCA, NACP, PARK1. Neuronal protein that plays several roles in synaptic activity such as regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking and subsequent neurotransmitter release. Participates as a monomer in synaptic vesicle exocytosis by enhancing vesicle priming, fusion and dilation of exocytotic fusion pores (PubMed:28288128, PubMed:30404828). Mechanistically, acts by increasing local Ca(2+) release from microdomains which is essential for the enhancement of ATP-induced exocytosis (PubMed:30404828). Acts also as a molecular chaperone in its multimeric membrane-bound state, assisting in the folding of synaptic fusion components called SNAREs (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein REceptors) at presynaptic plasma membrane in conjunction with cysteine string protein-alpha/DNAJC5 (PubMed:20798282). This chaperone activity is important to sustain normal SNARE-complex assembly during aging (PubMed:20798282). Plays also a role in the regulation of the dopamine neurotransmission by associating with the dopamine transporter (DAT1) and thereby modulating its activity (PubMed:26442590). Soluble monomer. Homotetramer (PubMed:21841800). A dynamic intracellular population of tetramers and monomers coexists normally and the tetramer plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis (PubMed:21841800). Interacts with UCHL1 (By similarity). Interacts with phospholipase D and histones. Interacts (via N-terminus) with synphilin-1/SNCAIP; this interaction promotes formation of SNCA inclusions in the cytoplasm (PubMed:19762560). Interacts with CALM1 (PubMed:23607618). Interacts with STXBP1; this interaction controls SNCA self-replicating aggregation (PubMed:27597756). Interacts with SNARE components VAMP2 and SNAP25; these interactions allows SNARE complex assembly and integrity (PubMed:20798282). Interacts with RPH3A and RAB3A (PubMed:15207266). Interacts with SERF1A; this interaction promotes the aggregation of SNCA (PubMed:22854022, PubMed:31034892).

EXTERNAL LINKS

SNCA

Mutations

Mutation(s) distribution

Mutations table