FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as STAT2_HUMAN, STAT2. Signal transducer and activator of transcription that mediates signaling by type I interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Following type I IFN binding to cell surface receptors, Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) are activated, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize, associate with IRF9/ISGF3G to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state (PubMed:9020188, PubMed:23391734). In addition, has also a negative feedback regulatory role in the type I interferon signaling by recruiting USP18 to the type I IFN receptor subunit IFNAR2 thereby mitigating the response to type I IFNs (PubMed:28165510). Acts as a regulator of mitochondrial fission by modulating the phosphorylation of DNM1L at 'Ser-616' and 'Ser-637' which activate and inactivate the GTPase activity of DNM1L respectively (PubMed:26122121, PubMed:23391734, PubMed:9020188). Heterodimer with STAT1 upon IFN-alpha/beta induced phosphorylation (By similarity). The heterodimer STAT1:STAT2 forms the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 complex (ISGF3) with IRF9; interacts with IRF9 in the cytoplasm (By similarity). Interacts with CRSP2 and CRSP6 (PubMed:12509459). Can form a homodimer upon IFN-alpha induced phosphorylation (PubMed:9020188). Interacts with IFNAR1; the interaction requires the phosphorylation of IFNAR1 at 'Tyr-466' (PubMed:9121453). Interacts with IFNAR2; the interaction is direct (PubMed:9121453, PubMed:28165510, PubMed:31836668, PubMed:32092142). Interacts with ARL2BP (By similarity). Interacts with E3 ubiquitin ligase DCST1; the interaction results in STAT2 ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation (PubMed:27782195). Interacts with USP18; the interaction is direct and allows the recruitment of USP18 to IFNAR2.

EXTERNAL LINKS

STAT2

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2

STAT2

Molecular Synopsis