FEATURES

FAMILY

gamma type-C retroviral envelope protein family

DESCRIPTION

Also known as SYCY2_HUMAN, ERVFRD-1, ERVFRDE1. This endogenous retroviral envelope protein has retained its original fusogenic properties and participates in trophoblast fusion and the formation of a syncytium during placenta morphogenesis. The interaction with MFSD2A is apparently important for this process (PubMed:18988732)., Endogenous envelope proteins may have kept, lost or modified their original function during evolution but this one can still make pseudotypes with MLV, HIV-1 or SIV-1 virions and confer infectivity. Retroviral envelope proteins mediate receptor recognition and membrane fusion during early infection. The surface protein mediates receptor recognition, while the transmembrane protein anchors the envelope heterodimer to the viral membrane through one transmembrane domain. The other hydrophobic domain, called fusion peptide, mediates fusion of the viral membrane with the target cell membrane (PubMed:14694139). The surface and transmembrane proteins form a heterodimer. They are attached by non-covalent interactions or by a labile interchain disulfide bond (By similarity). Interacts with MFSD2A.

EXTERNAL LINKS

ERVFRD-1

Syncytin-2

ERVFRD-1

Molecular Synopsis