FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as ATG9_YEAST, ATG9, APG9, AUT9, CVT7. Phospholipid scramblase involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation (PubMed:7593182, PubMed:8224160, PubMed:8663607, PubMed:10735854, PubMed:14504273, PubMed:24440502, PubMed:27050455, PubMed:33106658, PubMed:33439214). Cycles between the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS) and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and supplies membrane for the growing autophagosome (PubMed:10662773, PubMed:11689437, PubMed:17329962, PubMed:17426440, PubMed:18829864, PubMed:22826123, PubMed:24905091, PubMed:33439214). Lipid scramblase activity plays a key role in preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly by distributing the phospholipids that arrive through ATG2 from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet of the bilayer, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion (PubMed:33106658, PubMed:32883836, PubMed:33439214). Required for mitophagy (PubMed:18818209). Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress (PubMed:17132049). Recruits vesicle-tethering proteins TRS85 and YPT1 to the autophagosome formation site (PubMed:23129774). Recruits also ATG23 and ATG8 to the PAS (PubMed:14504273). Homotrimer; forms a homotrimer with a central pore that forms a path between the two membrane leaflets (PubMed:33106658). Interacts with ATG23 and ATG27 to form a cycling complex for trafficking to the PAS (PubMed:14504273, PubMed:17178909, PubMed:27050455). Interacts (via N-terminus) with ATG11, required for recruitment of ATG9 to the PAS for the Cvt pathway during nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:17178909, PubMed:17192412, PubMed:19371383, PubMed:31356628). Interacts (via N-terminus) with ATG17; required for recruitment to the PAS during autophagy and starved conditions (PubMed:19371383). Interacts with ATG2 and ATG18; required for the retrieval of ATG9 from the PAS to the cytoplasmic pool (PubMed:11382760, PubMed:14723849, PubMed:24905091, PubMed:24440502). Interacts with ATG41 (PubMed:26565778). Interacts with the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex subunits COG3 and COG4 (PubMed:20065092). Interacts with TRS85 (PubMed:23129774).

Also known as ATG9_YEAST, ATG9, APG9, AUT9, CVT7. Phospholipid scramblase involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation (PubMed:7593182, PubMed:8224160, PubMed ...

EXTERNAL LINKS

ATG9

Autophagy-related protein 9

ATG9

Molecular Synopsis