FEATURES

FAMILY

DESCRIPTION

Also known as SYNE2_HUMAN, SYNE2, KIAA1011, NUA. Multi-isomeric modular protein which forms a linking network between organelles and the actin cytoskeleton to maintain the subcellular spatial organization. As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. Specifically, SYNE2 and SUN2 assemble in arrays of transmembrane actin-associated nuclear (TAN) lines which are bound to F-actin cables and couple the nucleus to retrograde actin flow during actin-dependent nuclear movement. May be involved in nucleus-centrosome attachment. During interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) at G2 phase and nuclear migration in neural progenitors its LINC complex association with SUN1/2 and probable association with cytoplasmic dynein-dynactin motor complexes functions to pull the nucleus toward the centrosome; SYNE1 and SYNE2 may act redundantly. During INM at G1 phase mediates respective LINC complex association with kinesin to push the nucleus away from the centrosome. Involved in nuclear migration in retinal photoreceptor progenitors. Required for centrosome migration to the apical cell surface during early ciliogenesis. Core component of LINC complexes which are composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN domain-containing proteins coupled to outer nuclear membrane KASH domain-containing nesprins. SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins seem to bind each other promiscuously; however, some LINC complex constituents are tissue- or cell type-specific. At least SUN1/2-containing core LINC complexes are proposed to be hexameric composed of three protomers of each KASH and SUN domain-containing protein. The SUN2:SYNE2/KASH2 complex is a heterohexamer; the homotrimeric cloverleave-like conformation of the SUN domain is a prerequisite for LINC complex formation in which three separate SYNE2/KASH2 peptides bind at the interface of adjacent SUN domains. Interacts with EMD, LMNA, MKS3 and F-actin via its N-terminal domain. Interacts with DCTN1 and DYNC1I1/2; suggesting the association with the dynein-dynactin motor complex. Associates with kinesin motor complexes. Interacts with TMEM67.

EXTERNAL LINKS

SYNE2

Mutations

Mutation(s) distribution

Mutations table